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butterlp

A low-pass Butterworth filter.

Implementation of a second-order low-pass Butterworth filter. This opcode can also be written as butlp.

Syntax

ares butterlp asig, kfreq [, iskip]
ares butterlp asig, afreq [, iskip]

Initialization

iskip (optional, default=0) -- Skip initialization if present and non-zero.

Performance

These filters are Butterworth second-order IIR filters. They are slightly slower than the original filters in Csound, but they offer an almost flat passband and very good precision and stopband attenuation.

asig -- Input signal to be filtered.

kfreq/afreq -- Cutoff or center frequency for each of the filters.

Examples

Here is an example of the butterlp opcode. It uses the file butterlp.csd.

Example of the butterlp opcode.
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<CsoundSynthesizer>
<CsOptions>
; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform
-odac     ;;;RT audio out
;-iadc    ;;;uncomment -iadc if RT audio input is needed too
; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:
; -o butterlp.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform
</CsOptions>
<CsInstruments>

sr = 44100
ksmps = 32
nchnls = 2
0dbfs = 1

instr 1 ; White noise signal

asig rand 0.5
     outs asig, asig

endin



instr 2 ; filtered noise

asig rand 0.7
alp  butterlp asig, 1000          ;cutting frequencies above 1 KHz
     outs alp, alp

endin

</CsInstruments>
<CsScore>

i 1 0 2
i 2 2.5 2
e

</CsScore>
</CsoundSynthesizer>

See also

Standard filters: Butterworth filters

Credits

Author: Paris Smaragdis
MIT, Cambridge
1995

Existed in 3.30

Audio rate parameters introduced in version 6.02

October 2013.