print

Displays the values of init (i-rate) variables.

Syntax

print iarg [, iarg1] [, iarg2] [...]

Initialization

iarg, iarg2, ... -- i-rate arguments.

Performance

print -- print the current value of the i-time arguments (or expressions) iarg at every i-pass through the instrument.

Note

The print opcode will truncate decimal places and may not show the complete value. Csound's precision depends on whether it is the floats (32-bit) or double (64-bit) version, since most internal calculations use one of these formats. If you need more resolution in the console output, you can try printf.

Examples

Here is an example of the print opcode. It uses the file print.csd.

<CsoundSynthesizer>
<CsOptions>
; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform
-odac    ;;;realtime audio out
;-iadc    ;;;uncomment -iadc if realtime audio input is needed too
; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:
; -o print.wav -W ;;; for file output any platform
</CsOptions>
<CsInstruments>

sr = 44100
ksmps = 32
nchnls = 2
0dbfs  = 1

instr 1

irand = rnd(3)                  ;generate a random number from 0 to 3
print irand                     ;print it
asig  poscil .7, 440*irand, 1
      outs asig, asig

endin
</CsInstruments>
<CsScore>
f1 0 16384 10 1 ;sine wave

i 1 0 1
i 1 2 1
i 1 4 1
e
</CsScore>
</CsoundSynthesizer>

Its output should include lines like these:

instr 1:  irand = 2.930
instr 1:  irand = 0.420
instr 1:  irand = 2.316

See also

Printing and Display